The “Mental health data in Europe: policies and practice” report published in 2021 by the Ministry of Health and Consumer Affairs highlights mental health as a significantly neglected area of public health, despite growing consideration in policy circles both in Europe and globally. Historical milestones such as the World Health Report 2001, the World Bank’s prioritization of mental health improvement, and key declarations by the WHO European region, the EU, and the Council of Europe in 2005, underscore the increasing awareness and efforts to address mental health challenges. However, a critical gap remains in addressing the emotional needs of individuals with intellectual disabilities, a group particularly vulnerable due to their unique challenges in adapting to, perceiving, recognizing, and expressing emotions.
Studies, such as one conducted by the Social Services of Álava County Council, indicate that individuals with intellectual disabilities struggle significantly with managing intense emotions, understanding others’ emotions, and even recognizing their own emotional states. This not only complicates their emotional expression but also hampers the detection and support of their mental health needs. Despite advancements aimed at improving the quality of life for people with disabilities, the fundamental aspect of emotional support has often been overlooked, underscoring a profound neglect in therapeutic research and psychological care tailored to their specific emotional needs.
This oversight has led to a consensus among experts on the critical need to better address and support the mental health and emotional recognition and expression capabilities of individuals with intellectual disabilities, especially those facing communication challenges. The recognition of this deficit calls for a dedicated and nuanced approach to mental health care that considers the unique emotional landscapes and needs of people with disabilities, ensuring they are heard, supported, and empowered to lead more fulfilling lives.